多段蒸发系统启动时的工艺优化

Evaporation processes are of great importance in the chemical industry.
They are commonly used to concentrate a solution containing the desired
product. In most cases the solvent is either water or an alcoholic solvent,
and heat is supplied by condensing steam. The dynamics of an evaporator
is described by differential algebraic equations, where differential equations
correspond to the mass and energy conservation laws. A challenging feature
of evaporation processes is their hybrid behaviour. Due to phase transitions,
the dynamics of the evaporator drastically changes exhibiting both structural
transformations and state jumps. Hence, an evaporation system should
be modelled and analysed in the framework of hybrid control systems.
The proposed topic deals with the problem of start-up of a multi-stage
evaporator. Obviously, this problem is rather complicated because of the
system complexity. Thus, the design procedure will include not only controltheoretical,
but also numerical analysis of the system under consideration1.
Moreover, understanding of a physical nature of the underlying processes is
extremely helpful.