During secondary refining, steel production requires the use of ladles with refractory linings to hold the molten metal for casting, temperature control, deoxidation, addition of alloys and inclusion floatation. The metal is stirred by purging gases through porous blocks (plugs) in the bottom of the ladle to enhance the reaction rate and homogenize the melt. The flow generated by the rising gases creates a flow-induced shear stress on the refractory lining on the ladle walls. An uneven distribution of flow can cause higher refractory wear (consumption) in certain locations. This wear lowers the lining life of the vessel incurring replacement costs and loss of valuable production time.剪切应力诱导的流动分析帮助提高生活中的钢包 |